When refactoring old Node.js code that extensively uses `if (error) throw error` in callbacks, what are the primary considerations for migrating to modern `async/await`?

When migrating from callback-heavy code with `if (error) throw error` to `async/await`, the primary considerations are: 1. **Promisifying Callbacks**: Convert callback-style asynchronous functions into Promise-returning functions. Node.js's `util.promisify` is excellent for this. For `(err, data) => {}` callbacks, if `err` exists, the Promise should `reject(err)`; otherwise, it should `resolve(data)`. 2. **Replacing `if (error) throw error` with `try...catch`**: Once functions return Promises, use `await` within `async` functions. Any errors (either thrown synchronously within the `async` function or rejected by `await`ed Promises) will then be catchable by a `try...catch` block surrounding the `await` call. 3. **Centralized Error Handling**: `async/await` with `try...catch` naturally centralizes error handling for a given block, leading to cleaner code and reducing scattered `if (error) throw error` checks. 4. **Consistent Error Flow**: Ensure that all error conditions that previously led to `throw error` now consistently lead to a `Promise.reject()` or are caught by `try...catch`.